Hualien (; Wade-Giles: Hua¹-lien² Shih⁴; Hokkien POJ: Hoa-lian-chhī or Hoa-liân-chhī) is a county-administered city and the county seat of Hualien County, Taiwan. It is located on the east coast of Taiwan on the Pacific Ocean, and has a population of 99,458 inhabitants.
Name
Hualien County annals (花蓮縣志) record that the city was called "Kilai" () until the early twentieth century. This name refers to the
Sakizaya people Taiwanese aborigines and their settlement.
After Taiwan came under Japanese rule in 1895 its governors sought to change the name because "Kilai" is pronounced the same as the Japanese word for kirai. The name was eventually changed to lead=yes. After World War II the incoming Kuomintang-led Republic of China retained the Kanji spelling but shortened the name to just , or Hualien via Chinese romanization.
History
The
built mines for gold in Hualien in 1622. Permanent settlements began in 1851, when 2,200
Han Chinese farmers led by Huang A-fong (黃阿鳳) from
Taipei arrived at Fengchuan (now the area near Hualien Rear Station). In 1875, more farmers, led by Lin Cang-an (林蒼安) from Yilan, settled at Fengchuan.
Settlements in the area remained small by the start of Japanese rule. The city was expanded circa 1912 by its Japanese governor to incorporate Guohua () and Guoan () Villages, a region later known as 舊新港街. In 1920, was established, and around 1923 it was extended to , today known as "New Port" (),
On 25 October 1945, Taiwan was handed over from Japan to the Republic of China under Kuomintang government. In January 1946, the incoming Kuomintang designated Hualien City a county-administered city of Hualien County and to be the county seat.
On 3 April 2024, a major earthquake struck near Hualien.
Subdivisions
The 45 villages (里) of the city are divided into six village unions (聯合里): (in
Hanyu Pinyin)
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The first union: Minyun (民運), Minle (民樂), Minxiang (民享), Minyi (民意), Minxin (民心), Minli (民立), Minde (民德), Minzheng (民政), Minqin (民勤), Minxiao (民孝)
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The second union: Minsheng (民生), Minquan (民權), Minzu (民族), Minyou (民有), Minzhu (民主), Minzhi (民治)
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The third union: Zhuji (主計), Zhuyi (主義), Zhuxin (主信), Zhuqin (主勤), Zhushang (主商), Zhugong (主工)
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The fourth union: Zhuxue (主學), Zhuquan (主權), Zhunong (主農), Zhuhe (主和), Zhuli (主力), Zhu'an (主安), Zhumu (主睦)
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The fifth union: Guofeng (國風), Guofang (國防), Guozhi (國治), Guoguang (國光), Guohun (國魂), Guo'an (國安), Guowei (國威), Guohua (國華), Guolian (國聯), Guosheng (國盛)
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The sixth union: Guofu (國富), Guoyu (國裕), Guoqing (國慶), Guoqiang (國強), Guofu (國福), Guoxing (國興)
The newest villages from 2002 are Guosheng, Guoxing, Minxiao, and Minzhu.
Government institutions
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Hualien County Government
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Hualien County Council
Demographics
As of 2020, Hualien City had 12,855 aboriginal people, accounting for 12.48% of the total population of the city.
The majority of the aborigines that reside in Hualien include the
Amis people,
Atayal people, Truku and
Bunun people.
Hualien City is also the most densely populated area in Hualien county.
Climate
Hualien experiences a tropical monsoon climate (
Am) with frequent cyclones, as it borders the Pacific Ocean. It closely borders on a humid subtropical climate (
Cfa) with the average temperature of the coldest month being just above 18 °C, as well as a tropical rainforest climate (
Af) with the driest month's precipitation narrowly missing the 60 mm mark. The city experiences significant rainfall year-round and the temperature there averages . Precipitation in the city averages . January is the city's driest month, while September tends to be the wettest.
Education
There are 3 universities, 12 senior high schools, 4 junior high schools, 16 elementary schools.
Universities
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National Dong Hwa University, Meilun campus
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Tzu Chi University
High schools
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National Hualien Senior High School
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National Hualien Girls' Senior High School
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Tzu Chi High School
Industries
Hualien City is the center of politics, economy and transportation of Hualien County.
Medical care
Tourist attractions
Hualien is most famous as the jumping off point for Taroko Gorge National Park. Taroko Gorge is billed as the largest marble canyon in the world. Tours from Hualien City are available in large bus tours or smaller group or private tours. Taroko Gorge features suspension bridges, trails, rivers, waterfalls and more.
Transportation
Air
Hualien City is served by
Hualien Airport located at the neighboring Xincheng Township of
Hualien County. The airport is about 10 minutes drive to the city.
Rail
Sea
The Port of Hualien is an international port in the city with liners sailing to Japan, Middle East,
Southeast Asia and
South Korea.
Road
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Provincial Highway No. 9
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Provincial Highway No. 11
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County Road No.193
Notable natives
==Gallery==
Twin towns – sister cities
Hualien City is
Sister city with:
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Ulsan, South Korea (1982)
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Yonaguni, Japan (1982)
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Albuquerque, United States (1983)
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Bellevue, United States (1984)
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Oudtshoorn, South Africa (1985)
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Calabanga, Philippines (2023)
Friendly cities
Hualien City has friendly relations with:
[
]
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Takachiho, Japan (2005)
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Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, United States (2007)
See also
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List of East Asian ports
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2018 Hualien earthquake
External links
